{"id":36529,"date":"2024-09-26T08:00:48","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T12:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.veriheal.com\/blog\/?p=36529"},"modified":"2025-03-11T17:26:06","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T21:26:06","slug":"cannabis-across-life-pregnancy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.veriheal.com\/blog\/cannabis-across-life-pregnancy\/","title":{"rendered":"Cannabis Across Life: Pregnancy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ancient Mayans believed so strongly in life cycles that their sacred calendar, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/maya.nmai.si.edu\/calendar\/calendar-system#:~:text=The%20Maya%20sacred,cycle%20of%20corn.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tzolk\u2019in<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, is made of smaller cycles totaling 260 days. Why? Because it marks the completion of our first cycle in the womb, following nine moons of gestation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.veriheal.com\/blog\/cannabinoids-and-the-endocannabinoid-system-a-match-made-in-heaven\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endocannabinoid system<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is in place and working well before and during pregnancy. Its components help regulate fertility and development through a complex web of cycling endocannabinoids, sex steroids, gonadotropins, and cannabinoid receptors on reproductive organs \u2013 and the developing fetus.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Pregnancy and Gestation<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During gestation, the fetus forms the roots of every cell to set us up for long-term success. For survival, these early processes must go well. This means they need to be nutritionally-supported, adequately hydrated, and unaltered by outside toxins and mutagens.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because cannabinoids can cross the placenta, and fetuses have cannabinoid receptors, there\u2019s an open window for them to be introduced directly to the fetus. This means cannabinoids may pose short and long-term health effects for fetuses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We know that alcohol, tobacco, smoking, and certain drug use during pregnancy cause fetal harm, but what about cannabis? Or CBD? What reasons do people have for using cannabis during pregnancy, and do the potential benefits outweigh the harms?<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Morning Sickness, Mental Health, and More<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Historically, cannabis has been used for morning sickness and pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting for thousands of years. Modern surveys estimate that as many as <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0892036224000229?via%3Dihub#bb0300:~:text=open%20access-,Highlights,the%20latest%20developments%2C%20surpassing%20static%20analyses%20used%20in%20conventional%20systematic%20reviews.,-2.%20Methods\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">22% or more<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of pregnant people still use cannabis, mostly in the critical first trimester, when morning sickness peaks. The rationales vary, but it\u2019s important to understand why.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More and more pregnant people are also turning to CBD, presumably because of perceived less harm and non-inhalational route availability. A 2024 international study found that about <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38723262\/#:~:text=10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005603-,Abstract,an%20important%20first%20step%20to%20exploring%20potential%20risks%20to%20exposed%20offspring.,-Copyright%20%C2%A9%202024%20by\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">one in five<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (20%) pregnant individuals in the US and Canada report CBD-only use for:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anxiety (58.4%)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depression (40.3%)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Post-traumatic stress disorder (32.1%)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain (52.3%)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Headache (35.6%)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nausea or vomiting (31.9%)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In general, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9076215\/#R17495391-29:~:text=Approximately%2070%25%20of,%2C%E2%80%8A%205%20.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">about 70%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the pregnant population experiences some form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. The most extreme form of morning sickness is a condition called <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.veriheal.com\/blog\/what-does-a-recent-study-say-about-using-cannabis-for-hyperemesis-gravidarum\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">hyperemesis gravidarum (HG)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HG is necessary to treat because it can cause significant weight loss of over 15% of pre-pregnant weight, and cause other pregnancy complications. The symptoms can be severe enough to drive HG patients to suicidal ideation (26%) and fetal termination (5%). Despite aggressive medical management, HG can still be difficult to control.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9076215\/#R17495391-29:~:text=Results%20Of%20the,treatment%20for%20HG.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2022 survey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of 550 HG patients, 14% reported using cannabis for their HG. The majority (71%) of those report effectively using cannabis or cannabis-based products (CBPs) because their prescriptions aren\u2019t helping. Importantly, HG by itself puts fetal safety at 5 times more risk of smaller gestational size than cannabis use alone and is riskier than other substances and health conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, preeclampsia, autoimmune, cocaine, amphetamines, and tobacco use.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the potential benefits for many pregnancy-related symptoms are there, they need to be weighed against the potential fetal harms on a relative, case-by-case basis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Risks of Cannabis Use in Pregnancy<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By now, there\u2019s a decent accumulation of preclinical and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aogs.14818#:~:text=Abstract,birth%20was%20found.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">observational or cohort data<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that leans against recommending cannabis or CBD during pregnancy over concern for structural birth defects. The data suggest that plant-based cannabinoids introduced during pregnancy can alter normal development and are associated with neurodevelopmental effects that may <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7021337\/#:~:text=Main%20message,and%20while%20breastfeeding.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">persist into adulthood<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Given heavy research limitations,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.veriheal.com\/blog\/researchers-study-effects-of-cannabis-use-during-pregnancy-and-postpartum\/\"> cannabis use during pregnancy<\/a> may significantly increase the relative odds of negative fetal effects like:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Low birth weight<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Preterm birth<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NICU admission with respiratory distress and formula feeding at discharge<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Small-for-gestational (SGA) age (however, results are confounded by other conditions and substances)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neural tube defects<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38281464\/#:~:text=Conclusion%3A%20This%20study%20indicated%20that%20maternal%20prenatal%20cannabis%20exposure%20is%20associated%20with%20a%20higher%20risk%20of%20ADHD%20symptoms%20and%20ASD%20in%20offspring.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ADHD symptoms<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intellectual disability\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Congenital heart defects\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Atrial septal defects\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ventricular septal defects<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tetralogy of Fallot<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gastroschisis<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Orofacial defects (e.g., eye, cleft lip, cleft palate, or both)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Genitourinary defects (i.e., hypospadias)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Observational data like this is likely the best we can do with cannabis and pregnancy for now \u2013 and you may wonder why. That\u2019s because it\u2019s unethical to give probable teratogens to pregnant individuals in double-blind studies. So, we still won\u2019t likely see such studies in spite of legalization efforts.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It\u2019s not clear exactly how much greater these relative risks are because of these respectful limitations, but it may be dose-dependent. This is consistent with other dose-related cannabis side effects but is still up in the air for pregnancy. Pregnant people should be aware of these <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/fullarticle\/2821358#:~:text=Supplement%201).-,Discussion,states%20with%20punitive%20policies%20that%20criminalize%20or%20penalize%20prenatal%20substance%20use.,-Limitations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">relatively heightened risks<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when deciding to consume cannabis for their symptoms, according to a 2024 large retrospective study on over 300,000 pregnant people:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gestational hypertension<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Preeclampsia\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gestational weight gain or loss outside guidelines<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Placental abruption\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lower risk of gestational diabetes<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>The Bottom Line on Pregnancy and Cannabis<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We now have larger population data accumulated from <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cannakeys.com\/thc-cbd-for-pregnancy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">over 100 studies<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on pregnancy and cannabis. The research is restricted to observation and self-reported surveys but gives us a better idea of how cannabis can negatively affect fetal development, despite the otherwise potential benefits for the pregnant individual. The data are limited by ethics and confounding substances, but overall, it doesn\u2019t look good.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Without better clinical safety information at this point, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7079319\/#:~:text=Knowledge%20Into%20Practice,to%20the%20infant.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">healthcare providers generally recommend<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that all cannabinoids like THC and CBD be avoided during pregnancy, planning, and nursing out of concern for fetal safety. This is particularly true if the products are contaminated by pesticides, solvents, and other potentially teratogenic compounds.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That being said \u2013 and without downplaying the potential fetal risks \u2013 there are still thousands of pregnant people out there who successfully use cannabis during pregnancy to relieve symptoms, without better options, and still have perfectly normal birthing outcomes. Like any medical decision, the benefits need to be weighed against the harms and should be discussed with your provider on an individual basis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What about after birth? The journey is just beginning, so follow along when we dive into the next chapter.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>References<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Badowski, S., &amp; Smith, G. (2020). Cannabis use during pregnancy and postpartum. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Canadian Family Physician<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">66<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2), 98\u2013103.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7021337\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7021337\/<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bhatia, D., Battula, S., Mikulich-Gilbertson, S., Sakai, J., &amp; Hammond, D. (2024). Cannabidiol-Only Product Use in Pregnancy in the United States and Canada: Findings From the International Cannabis Policy Study. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obstetrics and Gynecology<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005603\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005603<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blesching, U. (2024). <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pregnancy &#8211; Cannabis THC: CBD Ratios<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Cannakeys.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cannakeys.com\/thc-cbd-for-pregnancy\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/cannakeys.com\/thc-cbd-for-pregnancy\/<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brik, M., Sandonis, M., Hern\u00e1ndez-Fleury, A., Gil, J., Mota, M., Barranco, F. J., Garcia, I., Maiz, N., &amp; Carreras, E. (2024). Cannabis exposure during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes: A cohort study. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">103<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(6), 1083\u20131091.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.14818\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.14818<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Davis, E., Lee, T., Weber, J. T., &amp; Bugden, S. (2020). Cannabis use in pregnancy and breastfeeding: The pharmacist\u2019s role. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Canadian Pharmacists Journal\u202f: CPJ<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">153<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2), 95\u2013100.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1715163519893395\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1715163519893395<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Excessive Vomiting in Pregnancy &#8211; Cannabis THC: CBD Ratios<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. (2022). Cannakeys.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cannakeys.com\/thc-cbd-for-excessive-vomiting-in-pregnancy\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/cannakeys.com\/thc-cbd-for-excessive-vomiting-in-pregnancy\/<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First, O. K., MacGibbon, K. W., Cahill, C. M., Cooper, Z. D., Gelberg, L., Cortessis, V. K., Mullin, P. M., &amp; Fejzo, M. S. (2022). Patterns of Use and Self-reported Effectiveness of Cannabis for Hyperemesis Gravidarum. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Geburtshilfe Und Frauenheilkunde<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">82<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(5), 517\u2013527.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1749-5391\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1749-5391<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smithsonian Institution. (2024). <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Calendar System | Living Maya Time<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/maya.nmai.si.edu\/calendar\/calendar-system\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/maya.nmai.si.edu\/calendar\/calendar-system<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tadesse, A. W., Ayano, G., Dachew, B. A., Tusa, B. S., Damtie, Y., Betts, K., &amp; Alati, R. (2024). The association between prenatal cannabis use and congenital birth defects in offspring: A cumulative meta-analysis. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neurotoxicology and Teratology<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">102<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 107340.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ntt.2024.107340\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ntt.2024.107340<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tadesse, A. W., Dachew, B. A., Ayano, G., Betts, K., &amp; Alati, R. (2024). Prenatal cannabis use and the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journal of Psychiatric Research<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">171<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 142\u2013151.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2024.01.045\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2024.01.045<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The ancient Mayans believed so strongly in life cycles that their sacred calendar, the Tzolk\u2019in, is made of smaller cycles totaling 260 days. Why? Because it marks the completion of our first cycle in the womb, following nine moons of gestation. The endocannabinoid system is in place and working well before and during pregnancy. Its&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":36533,"parent":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12913],"tags":[17078,1876,15001,17081,17083,17080,4973,17079,17082],"class_list":["post-36529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-doctors-corner","tag-cannabis-and-pregnancy","tag-cannabis-research","tag-cannabis-risks","tag-cannabis-use-in-pregnancy","tag-cbd-during-pregnancy","tag-does-cannabis-cause-birth-defects","tag-pregnancy","tag-weed-and-pregnancy","tag-weed-risks"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v26.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cannabis Use During Pregnancy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With medical marijuana becoming so commonplace, many wonder if it&#039;s 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